International Research Journal of Agricultural Economics and Statistics

V. S. Radhika ¹, Priyadarshini C. Gadad ¹, G. N. Kulkarni ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

Climate change will have a profound impact on human and eco-systems during the coming decades through variations in global average temperature and rainfall. The present study was done to decipher the socio-economic vulnerability of climate change in Karnataka using the secondary data. Karnataka is the second most vulnerable state in India to be impacted by climate change as the North Karnataka regions have the arid and driest regions. Tabular analyses have been used to derive valid conclusions. The vulnerability index at district level was computed based on the demographic and social, occupational, agricultural and climatic dimensions. Local communities at the micro ecosystem level adapt/cope up with the changing climate conditions. The changing climate results to permanent migration from densely settled areas to less denser areas. It was observed that the large farmers were able to benefit from government subsidies, formal bank credit and crop insurance while smaller farmers were having less access to benefits caused due to lack of information and dependence on local merchants for credit. A large proportion of talukas in Karnataka are most backward falling in Gulbarga division of the northern Karnataka. Local communities at the micro ecosystem level adopt/cope up with the changing climate conditions.

Keywords

Climate Change, Vulnerability, Sensitivity.

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V. S. Radhika ¹, G. N. Kulkarni ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

In agricultural practices, irrigation water quality is believed to affect the soil characteristics, crops production and management of water. Currently agricultural land has become a disposal site for waste water. For instance, the application of saline/sodic water results in the reduction of crop yield and deterioration of the physical/chemical properties of soil. Multistage random sampling technique was used. A total sample of 135 farmers were selected for collection of the required information for the study. The data collected were presented in tabular form to facilitate easy comparison.The soil properties and microbial population that is beneficial to the soil gets destroyed due to the deposition of chemicals, oils and acids contained in the sewage water. Farmers acknowledged the contamination of groundwater as evident through the tube well water colour and its turbidity. The incidence of heath related problems such as diarrheal diseases, cholera, malaria and typhoid were more among the farmers of sewage water villages than among the farmers of fresh water village, resulting in an increased per capita health expenditure by sewage water village farmers. The farmers in the study area recognized lower keeping quality and poor taste in case of fruits and vegetables grown under sewage water than in fresh water condition. However, on the contrarily the fruits and vegetables produced attracted a premium price for their bigger size, attractive and shining colour. Hence, there is an urgent need to plan strategies and provide thrust to the development of socially acceptable, economically viable and cost-effective waste water treatment systems to check from possible ill-effects on the environment, health and ground water.

Keywords

Sewage Water Villages, Fresh Water Villages, Human Health, Soil Properties.

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V. S. Radhika ¹, B. L. Patil ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

Climate change refers to any change in climate due to natural variability or as a result of human activity over time. Indian economy is mainly depends on agriculture, since agriculture is one of the main source of livelihood of about 58 per cent of the population in the country. Climate and agriculture are mutually linked together. For achieving the objectives of the study secondary data was used. The secondary data pertaining to rainfall and temperature for assessing variability of climate in the study area (north Karnataka) were collected. The temporal impact of the identified climate variables was studied by subjecting the time series data to the process of time series analysis. In North Karnataka rainfall was showing decreasing trend (in Vijayapura, Bellary, Bidar, Kalaburagi and Raichur) and temperature was showing increasing trend. This was mainly due to human activities which lead to emission of greenhouse gasses (GHGs) resulting in increase of earth temperature.

Keywords

Climate, Rainfall, Temperature, GHGs, Climate Change.

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V. S. Radhika ¹, B. L. Patil ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka), IN

Abstract

Climate change is one of the severe challenges the world is facing today. The problem of climate change induced by humans came first into force and drew the attention of the scientists and policy makers when Inter Governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was established. For achieving the objectives of the study both primary and secondary data was used. To analyse the impact of climate change on cropping pattern and enterprise diversification a tabular analysis was done by working out cropping intensity, mean and percentage. In order to negate/mitigate the impact of climate change in the study area especially the impact of drought or heat stress on majority crops cultivated in rain fed conditions, the suitable varieties need to be familiarize and introduced. Some of the important drought /heat resistance varieties suited to region are Vikash, Vijay and Pusa 362 (chickpea), TAG-24 and Girnaril (groundnut), K-8962 and PBW-527(wheat), DHM-121 (maize), CSH-19R and CHS15R (sorghum), ICPL332WR and Hanuma (pigeonpea), NRC-7 and JS-7 (soybean), HHB-67(pearl millet). Majority of sample farmers are looking towards non-farm employment opportunities and Government relief measures during events of natural calamities. Agriculture is certainly becoming an increasingly risky business because of adverse climatic situations. Hence, Government along with insurance agencies need to make the scheme more attractive and popularize apart from maintaining accountability of schemes in order to ensure greater participation and benefits of the scheme.

Keywords

Climate Change, Cropping Pattern, Crop Diversification, Enterprise Diversification.

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